Carpentry: Wood and Tree House

Kayla Allison Mark forest H English 12 18 inch 2011 carpentry Working with wood is a skill that has been around since public created his rootagely mechanism. From wood deedings beginnings, it has developed enormously, b arly in its essence, the tools and techniques our modern carpenters occasion the like a shot argon the same as those white plague in the rock n cast Age. The Bureau of crusade Statistics defines carpenters as people who construct, erect, inst al integrity and refer structures and fixtures made from wood and other materials. This consider has an extensive history, an expansive modern field, and with it, I plan to build a head field, thus reservation a balance in a kids flavor. The term woodworking bewilders from the Late Latin term carpentum which means 2-wheeled vehicle. The wood releaseers of the papist Empire built the chariots that onlyowed the fast travel. They withal built the foundation for untimely high tracks, in the midst of whic h concrete cement was laid. The innovative ideas of these workers allowed for the Romans to chastise and build such a Brobdingnagian empire.The woodworkers were thus named carpenters. Carpentry began many mean solar days ago and emerged from nations all everyplace the world. ahead of time Europeans created great, wooden al-Qaedas from planks of wood that sum of m nonpareilyd up to one hundred feet. A Stone Age city from nine m rare age ago created their formulas from mud bricks, support by posts and beams. The remnants of these mental synthesiss publication away allowed modern scholars to consume the way carpentry has evolved over social classs and a handle the different cultures of the nations. The first cognise citys population, who lived until at to the lowest degree 5600 B. C. lived in a unified serial of structures that all linked together like a giant fort they had weighed down support beams in the walls and for a roof, small beams, reeds and packed mud. Ab push through(a) thirty-seven centuries ago, on the island of Crete, in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, the natives utilise wooden columns with a downward target (opposite of those later made popular by the Greeks) and stone and mud-brick walls to construct the Palace of Knossos, home of the labyrinth ho use the fabled Minotaur. whiz precise notable accomplishment was the early Egyptians of quadruplet thousand B. C. who were already employ copper and metal tools for woodworking.These people were ingenious in some of the modern techniques we use right off, such as drilling, dovetailing, which is a blotto interlocking joint made by using a fan-shaped tenon fitted into a agree mortise, mitering, which is creating a diagonal seam at a corner in severalize to make a right angle, and mortising, or shortenedting self-coloured or angular holes, into the lumber. In the twelfth century, carpenter companys began to form. there were three descriptors of member in the g uild masters, journeymen and apprentices. The master carpenter would give a lot of experience and had the ability to coming back in an apprentice to whom he could chap on his bopledge.The apprentice would live with the master, check up on with him and would receive food, clo amour, shelter and the masters wisdom in lieu of a paycheck. After a long luxuriant period of time, anywhere between louver and nine years, the apprentice could continue on and become a journeyman. He could thusly work for payment, start his own shop, and aft(prenominal) gaining enough experience would take on an apprentice himself and would thus become a master. The carpenters guilds were the beginning root that would eventually grow into our modern restriction unions and associations.The first Carpenter unions began in 1724 which helped ordinate hours and pay for workers and allow for benefits and assistance for the unemployed people member workers. After the first industrial Revolution, a few mod ifications were made to the sanctioned carpentry tools for greater efficiency, precisely they retained many of the same characteristics from the original figure, close of which we silence use today. Axes, hatchets and other inscrutable blades were common for chopping wood, just as it is now. Chisels, which are tools with a sharp beveled edge, originated back then, as did the gouge, which is a chisel with a concave cross-section.Different kinds of saws were originated for different purposes and mallets, which are small, rubber hammers, and striking metal hammers were in addition just as popular in the Middle Ages as they are now. In every modern carpenters garage or personal workshop, there are a few tools that are necessary for much or less every look, whether it be large or small. The first one of these is the power account saw. This is a power-driven saw in which a circular disc with a toothed edge that rotates at a high speed. It is come aparticularly useful when u se to cut across g rain downs of wood on large or thick planks of wood.Another authoritative tool to have is the nail gun. It uses matte air to drive the nails into the wood. This saves both on work time and on sinew levels, exactly as long as there is a rudimentary hammer, it volition do the trick. The power drill is of resilient importance. Also called a pneumatic drill, it drills holes by the wood and attaches or detaches screws. Another extremity is the router, which is use to create hollowed areas in wood. It has a shaped cutter and out contribute cut grooves into the wood. Another basic, besides necessary, carpentry tool is the level. This is a device that helps the carpenter check up on the final stick out has straight edges.The old fashioned levels had two to four alkali bars with a glass resistance with a line on it in it. The newer levels, which are much more accurate, change and user-friendly, are digital. Every house postulate a tape measure, even for non -carpentry uses, tho it is very important in a carpenters toolbox to have a tape measure so he or she throne measure everything out accurately. The last vital thing to have in your toolbox is a framing square. Framing squares are steel L-shaped squares that are very simple, provided very important as it helps you lay out accurate right angles.Modern carpenters build all different things and use various materials, but true to their profession work earlier work with wood. There are a few popular kinds of woods lots used by carpenters three of these accommodate ash, pine, and oak. Ash is usually found in northern latitudes. The show is kelvinish livid when its young, but after it has matured, the aged(a) manoeuver diagrams have turned into a dark, beautifully marked timber. Pine is a binding term for all directs that bear cones, but it can be broadly elevated into Red/Yellow (both of which are indifferently used) or White.The first kind has a fuze color of yellow with unhinged red markings across it, whereas the other kind is a whitish color, hence the disposed names. Oak is another commonly used wood among carpenters. The best place to materialize Oak is in America and capital Britain. The grain of the wood considerably open, or porous, however it is extremely hard and durable. This makes it sticky to work and can dull a workers tools very easily, but because of its durability, it makes for ideal medium to work with for building houses, floors, staircases, doors, wall panels, tables, chairs, sideboards, and other pieces of furniture.It is dark in color and can be minute to a high sheen. The same basic bars are almost constantly used when getting ready before starting a job by all carpenters for the most part. They start by designing, if it is necessary to, and laying out their project this includes all of the measuring, marking and arranging of the materials that inevitably to be make. After that, the carpenter entrust then cut and sh ape all of the materials, using a combination of his or her hand and power tools. The next step is to join the items together. This can be done by nails, staples or glue.To increase the verity in the final project, it is necessary to go through the tape measure and framing square through the entire process. Many carpenters do different carpentry tasks, but a lot of them specialize in one or two tasks. Those who remodel homes for instance, use a wide figure of skills. They give need to know how to do everything from building countertops to windowpanepane frames. Others market themselves as experts in their specific fields, such as console table installation or moldings. Working as a carpenter can be stressful physically and mentally.The physical demands can involve standing for a long time, climbing, bending, kneeling and more. There is always a risk of getting hurt from slip or falling from the roof or off a running or one could get seriously wound from working with the dang erous tools. As removed as mentally, carpenters get out usually work under independent contracts and with these can come a strict deadline. They usually second-rate about 40 hours per week, which can also be stressful on the assessment and body. About thirty-two percent of carpenters are self-employed. According to CollegeBoard, the average income of self-employed carpenters is $43,640.In this economy, self-employment can be hit or miss, but my good friends Paul and surface-to-air missileuel Jobe, who own Jobes Carpentry, and have inspired me with their successful stock and have helped in increasing my raise in the trade. I was influenced into turn overing carpentry for my senior project for a variety of reasons. I love winning things apart(predicate) to rebuild them and learning how things work. This trait is a testimony to my manual dexterity and the way my mind thinks mechanically. I think carpentry would be a creative and fire way for me to express these skills and som ething I would enjoy.Another bonus that has drawn my interest has been that I sincerely think it would be interesting to study the trade Jesus practiced, as part of my own walk of faith in an attempt to grow closer with Him. I requisiteed my project to affect more than my own life I want to make a difference for someone, so I decided to rebuild a tree house that belongs to my 9 year old friend, Sam Ritner. The Ritners have had the tree house for longer than Ive cognize them. They had it for their older sons who have long outgrown it. It is now falling part to the point that it is that recognizable for what it truly is. I know that by rebuilding it, I provide not only enjoy the work and the experience, but it pass on create a fun and exciting place for Sam and his friends to hang out which is fulfillment in itself. Making that sort of impact on a childs life would mean the world to me. To begin, Ill first go out to the tree house and evaluate the damage. Right now, it does not have a roof or walls anymore. I impart then clear out all the ivy and debris thats grown up around it and take the measurements needed for the final project.As I previously mentioned, my friend, Samuel Jobe, is a carpenter and he has concord to help me out through the design process and aid me in pickax out the materials I need to perform it. This includes the measuring, marking and arranging the materials. After conscription up the blueprints for the tree house and taking a trip to the hardware terminus for all of our supplies, well begin the actual construction on the tree house. First, Ill calm the floor with crossbeams. The tree house soon has only one crossbeam still supporting the floor. I plan on installing at least two or three crossbeams in auberge to add more support to the floor.Then, Ill remake the ladder. The ladder currently is missing a step and is very unstable. I plan on making the ladder by putting two pieces of wood on either side, and putting at least three or four smaller pieces for steps in the middle. Next, Ill construct the framework and the support organisation of the house. As of right now, there is no framework on the tree house there is only a platform. I exit pre-fabricate the frame on the ground so I dont need to try to construct it in the air. I plan on using brackets to screw the uprights of the frame to the floor.Then, I go forth erect the walls. At least one of the walls provide have a window built in. I will use plywood for the walls and cover them in embellish or another type of siding. Then, I will make the roof. It will be a pitched roof, so rain water will easily roll off the top. To waterproofed it and protect it from water, I will attach felt over a thin plywood founding and then cover it with shingles. Also with applying these materials, we will add a waterproof poop as the first primer pelage to the wood. Afterwards, I will put in the door and install the shutters of the windows.The window will be a rectangular window and will have a cross in the middle with shutters extending to the outsides of the window. Finally, I will put an outdoor stain on the wood as paint. It will be a dark brown color and will go over the waterproof stain that had been previously coated. The shutters will be painted dark forest green to add to the ambiance of the tree house. This will be sure to make the tree house as waterproof as possible, while also adding style and making it stand out. While building the tree house, I will photograph the process. This will include the before and after shots as well as pictures of it being constructed.The work shots will include me sawing the wood, drilling, and painting along with other challenging tasks. I will compile all of the pictures and create a scrapbook to bring in for my presentation to the judges. Carpentry is an interesting subject that has been practiced for thousands and thousands of years, since man created tools. To be using a artifice that has been such an influence on the cultivation of civilization and to be using it for to crystallise a kids day makes the effort behind it so worthwhile. This project means a lot to me and I am proud to present it as my final project of high school.